that price you speak of is the match price and happens before and after markets and can be any price, higher or lower
Match Prices in the Pre-Open
Because orders can be entered during Pre-open but trades do not take place, orders may ‘overlap’. This means that highest Buy orders may be at a higher price than the lowest Sell orders. Special rules are required to resolve the difficulty this creates.
For example, a stock in Pre-open has a Buy order at $10 and a Sell order for the same quantity at $8. ITS will not trade these ‘overlapping’ orders. When normal trading (or the CSPA) resumes, these ‘overlapping’ orders will trade at a price known as the Match Price or Single Price Auction. The Match Price is continually updated as new orders enter the system.
But what should that price be? If the system set the price in our simple example at, say, $9.00, then both parties would be satisfied. The buyer would be buying more cheaply than her order specified, and the seller would get more than he was prepared to accept. However, this will be the case at any price between $8 and $10. While it may appear to be fair to “split the difference”, that may not be the fairest solution in the real world, when many orders at various prices and volumes will often exist.
Note that the method described only has effect if there are overlapping orders. If the highest Buy order for a stock in Pre-open is lower than the lowest Sell order, then no trades take place and those orders will remain in the queue established by price and time in the system until cancelled, amended, purged or traded in the normal way in the open market.
Calculating the Match Price To calculate the single Match Price, four principles are applied in order. Each stage provides a filter for the next, so that only those possible prices that survive from the first stage are considered in the second. If only one price is possible after applying the rules at any stage, then that becomes the Match Price and it will not be necessary to go to a further stage.
Consequently, if a price can be established under the first of the principles, then that will be the Matched price. The fourth principle always establishes a single price.
The principles applied are these.
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