The big question.....financing, page-50

Vanadium leasing can make the VFRB option do-able at vanadium prices above $20/lb.

The long life of the batteries (+20 years) means finance companies can lease the vanadium say, on an annual yield of 10-15%, rather having a large capital shock up front, the leasing payments can be treated as an operating cost with minimal effect on profitability.

A lot of electrical grids such as in South Africa and India are in such a state that they really don't have a lot of alternative (or at least energy storage is a option that solves a lot of problems).