The unfounded "fear of Russia" agenda being pushed could easily come from Ukrainian intelligence agencies. What I don't get is why Putin's posters would want to pressure US and European politicians into spending more money on defence.
ALL Aircraft carriers are toast IF deployed close to a sophisticated and determined enemy.
Russian carriers are toast, Chinese carriers are toast, US Carriers are toast, French Carriers, Indian carriers are toast IF deployed incorrectly. Carriers can and will continue to project power in the face of less sophisticated adversaries.
A side tangent is the growing popularity of much smaller multifunction carriers ( landing docks with a flight deck on top). Australia will have two. Weapons systems on these will evolve over the coming decades. They, like any other ship smaller multifunction carriers are vulnerable but the risk, as always, depends on how and where they are deployed.