"Conclusions: In summary, we evaluated the real outdoor electrical performance of PSMs for 500 h and correlated the device performance with important atmospheric variables, such as temperature and irradiance. A stable performance of the PSMs during the exposure time was proven, leading us to indicate that under proper encapsulation, this technology is reasonable stable. Full outdoor performance of the devices is shown through maps as function of the atmospheric variables including a broad range of ambient temperature (18–42 °C) and irradiances (0–1200 W/m2). These normalized maps allowed to compare the electrical performance at outdoor conditions of this emerging technology (perovskite) with a well-known and optimized technology (silicon), observing similarities between photovoltaic parameters such as the power delivery. Even higher values of the normalized short circuit current for perovskitemodules were obtained when compared to the silicon modules, suggesting that perovskite technology can produce higher relative current values in a broader range of irradiances. A marked positive temperature dependence of the Vocunder high irradiance levels was also observed for perovskites minimodules. These results show for the first time that perovskite minimodules can be a robust PV technology good enough to be used in outdoor conditions. The comparison with a reference technology as silicon enables to understand the real behavior and limitations of perovskite photovoltaic technology under real operation conditions. These findings presented in this article contribute to define the roadmap to scale up the perovskite photovoltaic technology."
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927024818305014?dgcid=author
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