Is this the end?, page-12

Great example of denial is the statement:

"The technology to eliminate Dy from Permanent Magnets does not yet exist"

Statement is totally incorrect & misleading as rare earth magnets NdFeB at best have little more than 20% market share of total Permanent Magnet market.

Ferrite are generally attributed to circa 75%:

http://www.arnoldmagnetics.com/Ferrite.aspx

"measured by weight, ferrite represents more than 75 percent of the world magnet consumption"

"The chemical composition is SrO-6(Fe2O3), strontium hexaferrite. The raw materials used to produce ferrite magnets are strontium carbonate and iron oxide both of which are readily available and low in cost. As a result, the use of ferrite magnets in most applications is more economical than other materials."

This in fact represents the growth opportunity for NdFeB sans the supply security/cost tyranny of Dy. By reducing the cost by eliminating Dy NdFeB is better able to compete with ferrite on power/weight/size vs cost.

Another significant Permanent Magnet group totally without Dy are Samarium Cobalt Magnets which actually operate at far higher temperatures than NdFeB + Dy. Check the data sheet 250C to 350C.

Then there's Moly's bonded 20.7% Ce PM, totally Dy free:

Neodymium / 钕 4.5%
Praseodymium / 镨 1.3%
Cerium / 铈 20.7%
Boron / 硼 1.0%
Iron / 铁*** 72.5%

http://www.mqitechnology.com/downloads/material_safety_datasheet/MSDS-MQP-8-5-20159-070-R03-CE.pdf

In fact Magnequench produce only one bonded PM out of nineteen that contains Dy, and that was designed in 2009.

http://www.mqitechnology.com/isotropic.jsp

TDK are actually producing BETTER Permanent Magnets:

"newly developed its HAL (High-Anisotropy field Layer) production process which achieves dramatic reductions in the amount of Dy used, and still improves magnetic properties."

http://product.tdk.com/en/techjournal/archives/vol08_hal/

Dy actually REDUCES the strength of the magnet:

"By increasing the amount of Dy to increase a magnet's coercive force, its residual flux density is diminished; flux density is key to the strength of the magnet."

http://product.tdk.com/en/techjournal/archives/vol08_hal/contents04.html

The statement is clearly incorrect, not simply just for Permanent Magnets as a group, but equally for NdFeB, rare earth PM's.

Kingsnorth has suggested that NdFeB magnet growth could be as high as 20%pa once freed from the tyranny of Dy price/supply issues.

One of the big issues facing China ATM is producing enough NdPr from deposits containing around 50% Ce, by contrast CUX would have a healthy spread of credits around it's nearly 20% NdPr.