You guys probably already know this, but it might be worth mentioning that it's easy to create a Windows 10 "recovery drive" on a USB memory stick, providing Windows is still working ok.
If you choose the option to add all the Win10 system files, around 12GB, you can then use it to boot the computer completely independent of the disk drive. Then you can poke around on the disk drive looking for stuff, or do some other tests. All the Win10 diagnostics will be available.