Ann: FYI Resources to Develop HPA Pilot Plant, page-26

HPA dealers and buyers from Japan and South Korea confirmed the high prices for highly concentrated alumina.They are currently around $ 40,000 per tonne.The reason given is consistently high demand from manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries.Since there is no stock exchange price for Alumina, statements of customers are even more important.With Alumina, the plastic separator between the cathode and the anode is covered in the batteries.This reduces the risk of fire and brings further advantages for the manufacturers.As a rule of thumb, the more concentrated the HPA used, the less error-prone the Battiere is.In an electric car about 1.6 kilograms of alumina are used, in an electrically powered bus it is 6.4 kilograms.

Source: Commodity Letter (Germany)