Experts are predicting continuing growth in cobalt demand...

Experts are predicting continuing growth in cobalt demand despite Elon Musk’s comments last week about using less of the metal in his Tesla electric car batteries.
A day after Mr Musk’s comments, battery metal price analyst Benchmark Mineral Intelligence said it expected the use of cobalt in lithium-ion batteries to triple between now and 2026.
“While efforts are being made to reduce cobalt dependency, the order of magnitude of electric vehicle (EV) growth sales will far outweigh this,” Benchmark Mineral Intelligence said.
Eletric car makers are focusing on two battery technologies: nickel-cobalt-aluminium (NCA) which has been favoured by Tesla and nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM).
The NCM chemistry is much more popular among Tesla’s rivals.
NCM batteries will account for about 70 per cent of the total lithium-ion battery market by 2026, Benchmark predicts.
Far from the end for cobalt
Benchmark predicts Tesla will not be able to further reduce the use of cobalt in its NCA technology.
“There is little room left for Tesla to manoeuvre and further reduce the cobalt in its cells.
“Any new technology that could usurp NCA or NCM is on a 10-year horizon [and] cobalt’s use in lithium-ion batteries is here to stay.”

Benefits of cobalt over other battery metals
Cobalt is mainly used to make the cathode in lithium-ion batteries.
Materials technology company Umicore believes cobalt could be tough to replace in batteries, with substitutes possibly leading to reduced performance.
“There isn’t a better element than nickel to increase energy density, and there isn’t a better element than cobalt to make the stuff stable,” says Umicore chief Marc Grynberg.
At least 10 per cent cobalt is needed in batteries for safety and longevity reasons.
Cobalt has a higher density – the measure of how much energy a battery can store – than most other battery metals.
It also brings down the cost of a battery.
Supply issues
A supply deficit has driven up cobalt prices from $US60,000 ($79,700) per tonne in 2017 to $US90,000 ($133,000) currently.
The commodity is expected to be in short supply until at least 2025.

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