Ann: December 2018 Quarterly Activities Report, page-59

You can only mine narrow vein deposits using narrow vein mining methods and the paste fill method is vital for safety given that the Zulika shear zone and associated mines also need to protect against seismic events. There is no way around the mining method at many of NST's Kalgoorlie mines. The only way they can scale production is to open more ore faces and then you probably run into "timing" issues in regard to getting the ore to surface with out the need for building other portals. Take for example the camp of underground mines at Rubicon, Hornet and Pegasus, they are all accessed from one portal near the base of the completed Rubicon open pit.

Here is a NST fact sheet that shows a schematic of the Kundana mines and the location of the two local shear zones (in green and yellow in figure 2).

https://www.nsrltd.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/NSR-Kalgoorlie-Operations-Fact-Sheet-July-2018.pdf

One needs to remember that these mines are aging and getting deeper. I think this is the 19th year for mining at Raleigh and the mines to the north of Raleigh (except Millenium and Pope John and possible some reources below the North Pit?) were mined before then. As mines get deeper costs generally tend to rise so new cost saving measures need to be continually found. Since NST acquired Kundana gold production has risen and grades have fallen markedly which has required more productivity in terms of tonnages. The duck, since then, has looked to be moving quietly along the surface of the water but under the water it's feet have been moving at a frenetic pace. I think this is the first quarter where investors have been given a glimpse of just how frenetic it has been at Kalgoorlie.Esh