Using the framework described in Figure 1, we derive annual government's budget revenues (GBR) as:
GBR = xQap + y[Eap –C] + NHFR + rSWF + ?SF [1]
Where: Q is commercial production of hydrocarbon; E is hydrocarbon export; C is the hydrocarbon industry's full-cycle cost; NHFR is non-hydrocarbon fiscal revenue; r is the return on SWF; SWF is the value of financial assets accumulated in a Sovereign Wealth Fund; ?SF is the flow to and from a Stabilization Fund; x is hydrocarbon production-weighted royalty rate; y is the average rate of hydrocarbon taxation; p is the average oil export price.
Assuming returns from SWFs are re-invested and ignoring, as justified in the text, ?SF, we derive the fiscal oil breakeven price, from equation 1, as: p = a-1 (EXP – NHFR +yC)/(xQ +yE) [2]
Where: EXP is budget and extra-budget expenditures a is an oil-natural gas price adjustment factor relative to the value of OPEC basket of crudes.
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